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LLL 44 - Module 3: Micronutrients in Chronic disease.

Hanna-Liis Lepp1, Karin Amrein2, Oguzhan S Dizdar3

  • 1North Estonia Medical Centre Foundation, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tallinn, Estonia.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Micronutrient deficiencies are common in chronic illnesses, especially in the elderly. Monitoring blood levels and providing adequate nutrition are crucial for patient care.

Keywords:
CIFCOPDChronic intestinal failureChronic renal failureCoeliac diseaseCystic fibrosisDeficiencyIBDInflammationInflammatory bowel diseaseLiver cirrhosisMalnutritionMicronutrientObesitySarcopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Micronutrients (MN), including trace elements and vitamins, are vital for health and required in small dietary amounts.
  • Chronic illnesses can impair nutrient intake, digestion, and absorption, increasing the risk of MN depletion.
  • Low socioeconomic status, food deprivation, and restrictive diets are prevalent causes of worldwide MN deficiencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of micronutrient status in chronic disease management.
  • To emphasize the need for monitoring MN levels in at-risk populations.
  • To underscore the role of medical nutrition therapy in preventing and treating MN deficiencies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on micronutrient deficiencies in chronic illness.
  • Discussion of risk factors including age, comorbidities, and socioeconomic status.
  • Emphasis on monitoring blood micronutrient levels alongside inflammatory markers like CRP.

Main Results:

  • Elderly, multimorbid patients on complex therapies or restrictive diets face high risks of malnutrition and multiple MN deficiencies.
  • Monitoring MN blood levels is essential for optimal patient care in chronic conditions.
  • Drug interactions can exacerbate MN depletion, requiring careful consideration.

Conclusions:

  • Adequate provision of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for MN is a standard of care for patients with chronic conditions.
  • Regular monitoring of MN levels and adequacy is crucial for effective medical nutrition therapy.
  • Proactive management of micronutrient status is integral to comprehensive care for individuals with chronic illnesses.