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Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Potential impact and correlation with asthma
Seog-Kyun Mun1, Munyoung Chang1, Beom Seuk Hwang2
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Heart & Lung : the Journal of Critical Care
|June 14, 2024
Summary
Social distancing measures during COVID-19 significantly reduced asthma cases in Seoul. Reduced subway usage correlated with fewer asthma patients, suggesting public health interventions can impact respiratory conditions.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) like mask-wearing were used globally for COVID-19 control.
- NPIs have shown benefits for allergies and respiratory infections.
- The specific impact of social distancing on asthma trends remained unevaluated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of social distancing on asthma prevalence in Seoul, South Korea.
- To analyze the relationship between social distancing adherence and asthma incidence.
Main Methods:
- Utilized National Health Insurance Service data for ~10 million individuals in Seoul (2018-2021).
- Assessed asthma patient data and subway ridership as a proxy for social distancing.
- Employed Pearson's correlation, change-point detection, cross-correlation, and Granger causality to analyze relationships.
Main Results:
- Asthma cases declined by 42.4% from 2019 to 2020; subway users decreased by 26.3%.
- Significant positive correlations were found between asthma incidence and subway usage.
- Social distancing demonstrated a causal relationship with reduced asthma cases.
Conclusions:
- Strict social distancing correlated with a notable decrease in asthma patient numbers in Seoul.
- COVID-19-related social distancing may effectively reduce asthma incidence and exacerbations.
- Public health strategies can mitigate the burden of respiratory diseases like asthma.
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