Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics01:15

Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics

327
Dimensionless groups in fluid mechanics provide simplified ratios that help analyze fluid behavior without relying on specific units. The Reynolds number (Re), which represents the ratio of inertial to viscous forces, distinguishes between laminar and turbulent flows, making it essential in the design of pipelines and aerodynamic surfaces. The Froude number (Fr), the ratio of inertial to gravitational forces, is particularly useful in predicting wave formation and hydraulic jumps in...
327
Accelerating Fluids01:17

Accelerating Fluids

1.0K
When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
1.0K
Reynolds Transport Theorem01:24

Reynolds Transport Theorem

1.1K
The Reynolds transport theorem provides a framework to relate the time rate of change of an extensive property within a system to that in a control volume, which is crucial for analyzing fluid dynamics. Extensive properties, such as mass, velocity, acceleration, temperature, and momentum, can be expressed in terms of the mass of a fluid portion. These properties are called extensive because they depend on the system's size, while intensive properties are their corresponding values per unit...
1.1K
Characteristics of Fluids01:20

Characteristics of Fluids

3.9K
When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...
3.9K
Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

8.5K
Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...
8.5K
Euler's Equations of Motion01:28

Euler's Equations of Motion

444
In fluid mechanics, shear stresses arise from viscosity, which represents a fluid's internal resistance to deformation. For low-viscosity fluids, like water, these stresses are minimal, simplifying flow analysis by allowing the fluid to be treated as inviscid, or frictionless. In an inviscid fluid, shear stresses are absent, leaving only normal stresses, which act perpendicularly to fluid elements. Notably, pressure — defined as the negative of the normal stress — remains...
444

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Thermoelectric Conduction in General Relativity: A Causal, Stable, and Well-Posed Theory.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Infinite Order Hydrodynamics: An Analytical Example.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Dispersion Relations Alone Cannot Guarantee Causality.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Thermodynamic Stability Implies Causality.

Physical review letters·2022
Same author

Heller myotomy versus Heller myotomy with fundoplication in patients with achalasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England·2021
Same author

Analytic Solution of the Boltzmann Equation in an Expanding System.

Physical review letters·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.5K

Universality Classes of Relativistic Fluid Dynamics: Foundations.

L Gavassino1, M Disconzi1, J Noronha2

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|June 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new principle helps derive equations of motion for relativistic systems near equilibrium. These systems exhibit universal behavior, grouping into classes that reveal surprising theoretical equivalences.

More Related Videos

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
06:42

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Published on: March 3, 2017

9.5K
Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids
10:28

Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids

Published on: January 3, 2014

13.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2025

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.5K
Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
06:42

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Published on: March 3, 2017

9.5K
Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids
10:28

Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids

Published on: January 3, 2014

13.6K

Area of Science:

  • Relativistic thermodynamics
  • Non-equilibrium statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Understanding the near-equilibrium dynamics of relativistic systems is crucial for various fields.
  • Existing models often struggle to capture the complex behavior of these systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a general organizing principle for deriving equations of motion.
  • To identify and characterize universal behaviors in causal and thermodynamically stable relativistic systems near equilibrium.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a general organizing principle.
  • Derivation of equations of motion for relativistic systems.
  • Analysis of near-equilibrium dynamics and identification of universality classes.

Main Results:

  • A novel organizing principle successfully derives equations of motion.
  • Discovery of a new type of universal behavior in relativistic systems near equilibrium.
  • Classification of systems into universality classes based on degrees of freedom, information content, and conservation laws.
  • Revelation of surprising equivalences between different relativistic theories.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed principle provides a unified framework for studying relativistic systems.
  • The identified universality classes offer new insights into the near-equilibrium behavior of diverse theories.
  • This work advances our understanding of fundamental physics in relativistic regimes.