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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

Constraining Primordial Black Hole Formation from Single-Field Inflation.

Jason Kristiano^1,2, Jun'ichi Yokoyama^1,2,3,4

¹Research Center for the Early Universe (RESCEU), Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

Physical Review Letters

|June 15, 2024

Summary

Primordial black hole formation models can be constrained by cosmic microwave background observations. This study reveals that small-scale power spectra, crucial for black hole formation, impact large-scale structures.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2025

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Area of Science:

Cosmology
Theoretical Physics
Astrophysics

Background:

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are hypothetical compact stellar objects formed in the early universe.
Their formation is often linked to the collapse of large-amplitude perturbations during single-field inflation.
Understanding PBH formation mechanisms is key to probing early universe physics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the one-loop correction to the large-scale power spectrum in inflationary models with a sharp transition in the second slow-roll parameter.
To determine if models that produce significant amounts of PBHs have observable imprints on large-scale structures.

Main Methods:

Calculation of one-loop corrections to the power spectrum.
Analysis of inflationary models featuring a sharp transition in the second slow-roll parameter.
Comparison of theoretical predictions with observational constraints from the cosmic microwave background (CMB).

Main Results:

Models generating a substantial abundance of primordial black holes induce nonperturbative coupling on large scales.
This large-scale coupling is detectable by cosmic microwave background radiation observations.
A significant link exists between small-scale perturbations and large-scale cosmological observations.

Conclusions:

Large-scale cosmological observations, particularly those probing the cosmic microwave background, can constrain models of primordial black hole formation.
The study implies that the power spectrum on small scales, relevant for PBH production, is indirectly constrained by large-scale measurements.
This work highlights the interconnectedness of small-scale and large-scale physics in the early universe.