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Association Between Preterm Birth and Parent-Reported Health-Related Quality of Life During the Preschool Years: A

Paula Fernández-Pires, Ana Valdés-Bécares, Daniel Prieto-Botella

    Journal of Pediatric Health Care : Official Publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners
    |June 15, 2024
    PubMed

    Insights

    Preterm birth (PB) in children was linked to better sleep and behavior, but poorer communication quality of life. These findings suggest potential developmental normalization for moderate-to-mild preterm infants.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Health
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Investigated the link between preterm birth (PB) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in preschool children.
    • Utilized a hospital-based retrospective matched cohort study design.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the association between preterm birth and HRQoL outcomes in preschool-aged children.
    • To identify specific domains of HRQoL affected by preterm birth.

    Main Methods:

    • Matched 89 preterm birth (PB) children with 178 full-term birth (FTB) children (1:2 ratio) by sex and birth date.
    • Assessed parent-reported HRQoL using the TNO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life Questionnaire.
    • Employed conditional logistic regressions to analyze the association between PB and HRQoL.

    Main Results:

    • Preterm children, predominantly moderate-to-mild (64%), showed a lower likelihood of below-median HRQoL in sleeping (OR=0.46) and behavior (OR=0.46) domains.
    • Conversely, preterm children had a higher probability of below-median HRQoL in the communication domain (OR=1.91).
    • Statistical significance was observed for sleeping (95% CI=0.23-0.91), behavior (95% CI=0.23-0.85), and communication (95% CI=1.01-3.64).

    Conclusions:

    • Preterm birth is associated with improved sleeping and behavior-related quality of life but diminished communication quality of life in preschoolers.
    • Findings suggest a potential for developmental outcome normalization in moderate-to-mild preterm birth cases.
    • Highlights the nuanced impact of preterm birth on different aspects of child development and quality of life.
    Abstract

    Keywords:
    HRQOLPremature birthchildlife qualitylongitudinal study

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