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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

143
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
143
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

97
Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
97
Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway01:25

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

201
In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...
201
Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

506
Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
506
Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask01:26

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

289
The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
289
Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece

770
Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...
770

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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Oral Appliances for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Pedro Mayoral Sanz1, Manuel Lagravère Vich2

  • 1Catholic University of Murcia UCAM, Calle Conde de Peñalver 61 - 1º, Madrid 28029, Spain.

Dental Clinics of North America
|June 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Mandibular repositioning devices (MRDs) effectively manage obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by advancing the jaw to open airways. This review details MRD design, types, and mechanisms for optimal patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Action mechanismCoupling mechanismDesignKinematicsObstructive sleep apneaOral applianceSnoring

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition affecting millions worldwide.
  • Mandibular repositioning devices (MRDs) are a recognized treatment for OSA.
  • MRDs function by altering jaw position to improve airway patency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an evidence-based update on optimal MRD design features.
  • To analyze the variety of available MRD appliances.
  • To review the current understanding of MRD action mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on MRDs for OSA.
  • Analysis of clinical evidence regarding MRD effectiveness.
  • Synthesis of information on MRD design principles and mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • MRDs are effective in managing OSA by repositioning the mandible.
  • Optimal MRD design focuses on airway widening and patient comfort.
  • A variety of MRD appliances exist, each with specific features and mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • MRDs are a valuable therapeutic option for OSA management.
  • Understanding MRD design and function is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Further research can refine MRD technology and application for improved patient care.