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Updated: Jun 23, 2025
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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
Published on: February 2, 2020
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Assessing Swallowing and Mastication Using the Swallowing Proficiency for Eating and Drinking Protocol Among Healthy
Thejaswi Dodderi1, Luis Malvika Flerisa1, Nidha Fathima1
1Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Summary
The Swallowing Proficiency for Eating and Drinking (SPEAD) test is reliable for assessing swallowing in healthy adults aged 20-79. Normative data helps Speech-Language Pathologists identify oral and pharyngeal swallowing difficulties across various consistencies.
Area of Science:
- Speech-language pathology
- Swallowing disorders
- Clinical assessment
Background:
- Current swallowing evaluations often use single bolus consistencies, limiting generalizability.
- The Swallowing Proficiency for Eating and Drinking (SPEAD) test evaluates oral and pharyngeal swallowing phases with multiple consistencies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish normative data for the SPEAD test in healthy individuals aged 20-79 years.
- To provide a reliable and valid tool for Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs).
Main Methods:
- 112 healthy adults aged 20-79 were divided into three age groups.
- Participants consumed water, thickened Electral, and Parle Monaco biscuits.
- Swallowing events were video recorded for analysis.
Main Results:
- The SPEAD test demonstrated excellent internal consistency and inter-rater reliability.
- Older adults showed increased swallow events, longer duration, and slower ingestion rates.
- Significant differences in SPEAD indices were observed across the three consistencies (p < 0.01).
Conclusions:
- The SPEAD test is a feasible, reliable, and valid tool for assessing swallowing in healthy Indian adults (20-79 years).
- Established normative data aids SLPs in diagnosing oral and pharyngeal swallowing impairments across different bolus types.
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