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  11. Oral Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma And Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Histopathological And Immunohistochemical Comparative Study

Oral Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Comparative Study

Esraa Ashraf Mahmoud1, Mohsen Kazem Abdellatif2, Sarah Ahmed Mohammed Mahmoud2

  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University and Teaching Assistant at the Oral Pathology Department, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo, Egypt. esraa_ashraf@dentistry.cu.edu.eg.

Head and Neck Pathology
|June 17, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oral papillary squamous cell carcinoma shows distinct expression patterns of alpha smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor beta compared to conventional oral squamous cell carcinoma, suggesting additional prognostic factors beyond histological grade.

Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Cancer research

Background:

  • Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a significant oral malignancy.
  • Oral papillary squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a subtype with potentially different clinical behavior.
  • Understanding molecular markers like alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is crucial for prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the immunohistochemical expression of α-SMA and TGF-β in OPSCC versus conventional OSCC across different histological grades.
  • To determine if there are significant differences in α-SMA and TGF-β expression percentages between OPSCC and conventional OSCC.
  • To correlate these marker expressions with histological findings.

Main Methods:

  • Archival tissue blocks of OPSCC and various grades of OSCC were collected.
Keywords:
Alpha smooth muscle actinModerately differentiated squamous cell carcinomaOral papillary squamous cell carcinoma

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  • Immunohistochemical staining was performed for TGF-β and α-SMA.
  • Mean staining index and area percentage of marker expression were quantified for each group.

    • Main Results:

    • TGF-β expression was high in the epithelium of well-differentiated OSCC, most OPSCC, and poorly differentiated OSCC.
    • α-SMA expression was high in the stroma of conventional OSCC grades but showed moderate to low staining in OPSCC.
    • Distinct stromal and epithelial expression patterns of these markers were observed between OPSCC and conventional OSCC.

    Conclusions:

    • OPSCC appears to have a more favorable prognosis than conventional OSCC histological grades.
    • Prognosis in OSCC is influenced by factors beyond just histological grade, including molecular markers like α-SMA and TGF-β.
    • Further research into these prognostic factors is warranted for improved patient outcomes.
    Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma
    Transforming growth factor beta
    Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma