Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Antenna Complex01:42

The Antenna Complex

6.0K
Plants and other photosynthetic organisms comprise pigments capable of absorption of direct sunlight. These pigments are present in the reaction center - the main site of photochemical reactions as well as in the antenna complex. Under average light conditions, the rate at which reaction center pigments absorb light is far below the electron transport chain's capacity. As a result, the reaction center alone cannot provide enough energy to drive photosynthesis. The photosynthetic efficiency...
6.0K
Pollination and Flower Structure02:40

Pollination and Flower Structure

64.2K
Flowers are the reproductive, seed-producing structures of angiosperms. Typically, flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sepals and petals are the vegetative flower organs. Stamens and carpels are the reproductive organs.  
64.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Siphonous green macroalgae with contrasting capacities for the energy-dependent quenching, qE, rely on different photoprotective mechanisms.

Photosynthesis research·2026
Same author

Redesign of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Q<sub>B</sub> binding niche reveals photosynthesis works in the absence of a driving force for Q<sub>A</sub>-Q<sub>B</sub> electron transfer.

Physiologia plantarum·2024
Same author

Differences in susceptibility to photoinhibition do not determine growth rate under moderate light in batch or turbidostat - a study with five green algae.

Photosynthetica·2024
Same author

Evaluation of visible-light wavelengths that reduce or oxidize the plastoquinone pool in green algae with the activated F<sub>0</sub> rise method.

Photosynthetica·2024
Same author

Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of distinct Arabidopsis organs reveal high PSI-NDH complex accumulation in stems.

Physiologia plantarum·2024
Same author

Biophysical and molecular characteristics of senescing leaves of two Norway maple varieties differing in anthocyanin content.

Physiologia plantarum·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Eco-Friendly Pest Management Using Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Mustard Aphids
08:28

Author Spotlight: Eco-Friendly Pest Management Using Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Mustard Aphids

Published on: July 21, 2023

1.8K

Flavonols do not affect aphid load in green or senescing birch leaves but coincide with a decrease in Photosystem II

Heta Mattila1,2, Sergey Khorobrykh1, Esa Tyystjärvi1

  • 1Department of Life Technologies/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4 C 6th floor, 20520 Turku, Finland.

Biology Open
|June 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Birch trees produce UV-absorbing flavonols in autumn, not red anthocyanins. These flavonols do not defend against aphids but may help manage photosynthates during senescence.

Keywords:
BetulaEuceraphis betulaeCoevolutionFlavonoidLight stressPlant-insect interaction

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Integrating Biochemical Functions of &#946;-Glucanases and Peroxidase Enzymes in Wheat-RWA Interaction
10:26

Author Spotlight: Integrating Biochemical Functions of β-Glucanases and Peroxidase Enzymes in Wheat-RWA Interaction

Published on: July 26, 2024

657
Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses
10:20

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses

Published on: August 9, 2019

12.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Eco-Friendly Pest Management Using Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Mustard Aphids
08:28

Author Spotlight: Eco-Friendly Pest Management Using Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Mustard Aphids

Published on: July 21, 2023

1.8K
Author Spotlight: Integrating Biochemical Functions of &#946;-Glucanases and Peroxidase Enzymes in Wheat-RWA Interaction
10:26

Author Spotlight: Integrating Biochemical Functions of β-Glucanases and Peroxidase Enzymes in Wheat-RWA Interaction

Published on: July 26, 2024

657
Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses
10:20

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses

Published on: August 9, 2019

12.6K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Birches synthesize UV-absorbing flavonols during autumn senescence, unlike anthocyanins.
  • Flavonols' role in insect defense and photosynthetic function during senescence is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if flavonols protect birch leaves from aphid herbivory.
  • To determine if flavonol content affects photosynthetic functions during autumn senescence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of aphid-free and aphid-infested green and senescing birch leaves.
  • Measurement of photosynthetic parameters including photochemical quenching, Photosystem I and II functionality (FV/FM), and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ).
  • Quantification of total and individual flavonol amounts.

Main Results:

  • Photosynthetic parameters were primarily influenced by chlorophyll content (senescence stage).
  • No significant difference in flavonol content was found between aphid-infested and aphid-free leaves.
  • High flavonol content was associated with lower FV/FM values, suggesting slowed photoinhibition and improved recovery in green leaves.

Conclusions:

  • Flavonols do not appear to play a role in defending birch leaves against aphid herbivory.
  • Flavonol synthesis may serve as an additional sink for photosynthates during autumn senescence, similar to anthocyanins.