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Relationships between PET and blood plasma biomarkers in corticobasal syndrome
Neha Atulkumar Singh1, Alla Alnobani2, Jonathan Graff-Radford1
1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Introduction:
Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) can result from underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies. Little is known about the utility of blood plasma metrics to predict positron emission tomography (PET) biomarker-confirmed AD in CBS.
Methods:
A cohort of eighteen CBS patients (8 amyloid beta [Aβ]+; 10 Aβ-) and 8 cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals underwent PET imaging and plasma analysis. Plasma concentrations were compared using a Kruskal-Wallis test. Spearman correlations assessed relationships between plasma concentrations and PET uptake.
Results:
CBS Aβ+ group showed a reduced Aβ42/40 ratio, with elevated phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light (NfL) concentrations, while CBS Aβ- group only showed elevated NfL concentration compared to CU. Both p-tau181 and GFAP were able to differentiate CBS Aβ- from CBS Aβ+ and showed positive associations with Aβ and tau PET uptake.
Discussion:
This study supports use of plasma p-tau181 and GFAP to detect AD in CBS. NfL shows potential as a non-specific disease biomarker of CBS regardless of underlying pathology.
Highlights:
Plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) concentrations differentiate corticobasal syndrome (CBS) amyloid beta (Aβ)- from CBS Aβ+. Plasma neurofilament light concentrations are elevated in CBS Aβ- and Aβ+ compared to controls. Plasma p-tau181 and GFAP concentrations were associated with Aβ and tau positron emission tomography (PET) uptake. Aβ42/40 ratio showed a negative correlation with Aβ PET uptake.
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