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Kidney failure from kidney stones: an ANZDATA study
Hicham Cheikh Hassan1,2, David J Tunnicliffe3,4, Lyn Loyd5
1Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Summary
Kidney stones leading to kidney failure (KF) are uncommon but patients requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT) have better survival on dialysis. Transplant outcomes were similar for KF patients due to kidney stones versus other causes.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Kidney stones are a common condition with increasing incidence.
- The impact of kidney stones on kidney failure (KF) and kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is not well understood.
- This study investigates the incidence and outcomes of KF caused by kidney stones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of kidney failure (KF) due to kidney stones.
- To compare the outcomes of patients receiving kidney replacement therapy (KRT) for kidney stones versus other causes.
- To analyze patient survival and graft survival in kidney transplant recipients.
Main Methods:
- Adult patients initiating KRT between 1981-2020 from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) registry were studied.
- Patients with KRT due to kidney stones were compared to those with other causes.
- Cox regression models analyzed patient survival, dialysis outcomes, and kidney transplant graft survival.
Main Results:
- 834 patients (1.1%) started KRT due to kidney stones; incidence was stable at 1.17 per million population annually.
- Patients on dialysis for kidney stones showed higher survival (HR 0.89) compared to non-kidney stone patients.
- Kidney transplant recipients with kidney stones had longer time to transplant but similar mortality and graft loss rates.
Conclusions:
- The incidence of kidney failure due to kidney stones remained stable over the study period.
- Patients with kidney stones requiring kidney replacement therapy experienced better survival on dialysis.
- Kidney transplant outcomes were comparable between kidney stone and non-kidney stone groups.
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