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Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network
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Default mode network electrophysiological dynamics and causal role in creative thinking.

Eleonora Bartoli1, Ethan Devara1, Huy Q Dang1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

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|June 18, 2024
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Summary

The default mode network (DMN) is recruited during creative thinking tasks like mind wandering and divergent thought. Causal stimulation of the DMN specifically impaired originality in divergent thinking, supporting its role in generating novel ideas.

Keywords:
brain stimulationcreativitydefault mode networkdivergent thoughtintracranial recordingsmind wandering

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • The default mode network (DMN) is a key intrinsic brain network involved in internally directed cognition.
  • Creative thinking, encompassing spontaneous and divergent thought, is often associated with DMN function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the DMN in creative thinking processes using high-resolution neural recordings.
  • To differentiate the spatiotemporal dynamics of DMN activity during mind wandering and alternate uses tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Stereo-EEG recordings in 13 human patients across multiple DMN regions.
  • Analysis of neural activity (gamma and theta band power) during mind wandering and alternate uses tasks.
  • Direct cortical stimulation of DMN regions to assess causal effects on cognitive performance.

Main Results:

  • The DMN showed increased recruitment during both mind wandering and alternate uses tasks.
  • DMN activity exhibited distinct spatiotemporal patterns for each task, differing from the fronto-parietal network.
  • Direct cortical stimulation of the DMN selectively reduced response originality in the alternate uses task.

Conclusions:

  • DMN activity is flexibly modulated by specific cognitive processes, supporting its role in divergent thinking.
  • The study provides causal evidence for the DMN's contribution to generating original conceptual connections.
  • Findings elucidate the neural underpinnings of diverse cognitive functions, particularly creativity.