Genetic Insights into Colorectal Cancer: Evaluating PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway Genes Expression

The PI3K/AKT pathway plays a pivotal role in cellular processes, and its dysregulation is implicated in various cancers, including colorectal cancer. The present study correlates the expression levels of critical genes (PIK3CA, PTEN, AKT1, FOXO1, and FRAP) in 60 tumor tissues with clinicopathological and demographic characteristics. The results indicate age-related variation in FOXO1 gene expression, with higher levels observed in patients aged 68 and above. In addition, tumors originating from the rectum exhibit higher FOXO1 expression compared to colon tumors, suggesting region-specific differences in expression. The results also identify the potential correlation between PTEN, PIK3CA gene expression, and parameters such as tumor grade and neuroinvasion. The bioinformatic comparative analysis found that PTEN and FOXO1 expressions were downregulated in colorectal cancer tissue compared to normal colon tissue. Relapse-free survival analysis based on gene expression identified significant correlations, highlighting PTEN and FRAP as potential indicators of favorable outcomes. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in colorectal cancer and the importance of understanding the molecular basis of colorectal cancer development and progression.