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The Multifaceted Actions of PVP-Curcumin for Treating Infections.

Magdalena Metzger1,2,3, Stefan Manhartseder1,2, Leonie Krausgruber1,2

  • 1Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

PVP-curcumin shows promise as a photosensitizer for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. However, it had limited success in enhancing antibiotic effectiveness or preventing resistance development.

Keywords:
antimicrobial photodynamic therapyantimicrobial resistancebacterial SOS response

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Area of Science:

  • Photomedicine
  • Antimicrobial Therapy
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Curcumin, a natural compound, has therapeutic potential but suffers from poor stability and water insolubility.
  • Strategies to enhance curcumin's solubility are crucial for its clinical application.
  • PVP-curcumin is investigated for its properties in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and as an antibiotic adjuvant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate PVP-curcumin as a photosensitizer for aPDT against Gram-negative (E. coli K12) and Gram-positive (S. capitis) bacteria.
  • To assess PVP-curcumin's potential to potentiate antibiotic therapy and prevent antibiotic resistance.
  • To investigate the effect of PVP-curcumin on the bacterial SOS response.

Main Methods:

  • Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) was performed using PVP-curcumin with 475 nm and 415 nm blue light.
  • Bacterial strains E. coli K12 and S. capitis were exposed to varying concentrations of PVP-curcumin and light doses.
  • Gene expression analysis (RT-qPCR) of recA and umuC was conducted to assess the SOS response.
  • The potentiation of ciprofloxacin by PVP-curcumin and its effect on resistance emergence were investigated.

Main Results:

  • Both E. coli K12 and S. capitis were effectively reduced using 415 nm blue light and 10 µg/mL PVP-curcumin.
  • 475 nm blue light with PVP-curcumin showed a biphasic effect, with greater efficacy against S. capitis than E. coli K12.
  • PVP-curcumin decreased recA gene expression but did not significantly enhance antibiotic treatment or impede resistance development.
  • PVP-curcumin acted as an effective photosensitizer against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but did not modulate the bacterial SOS response.

Conclusions:

  • PVP-curcumin demonstrates efficacy as a photosensitizer in aPDT against a range of bacteria.
  • While effective in reducing bacterial load, PVP-curcumin's role as an antibiotic adjuvant or resistance inhibitor is limited.
  • Further research may explore optimizing aPDT parameters or modifications of PVP-curcumin for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.