The Role of Galectin-3 Levels for Predicting Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Embolic Stroke of...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Biomarkers
• Stroke Research

Background:

• Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is a significant contributor to embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS).
• Predicting PAF in ESUS patients is challenging due to limitations of current diagnostic tools like extended Holter ECG monitoring.
• Identifying novel biomarkers for PAF prediction in ESUS is crucial for timely intervention and stroke prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the potential of serum galectin-3 levels as a predictor of PAF in patients with ESUS.
• To evaluate the association between serum galectin-3 levels and echocardiographic parameters indicative of left atrial (LA) remodeling.
• To explore the relationship between serum galectin-3, ECG parameters, and atrial electromechanical conduction time in ESUS patients.

Main Methods:

• A study cohort of 150 ESUS patients and 30 healthy volunteers was recruited.
• 48-72 hour Holter ECG monitoring was employed to detect PAF.
• Serum galectin-3 levels, ECG parameters (PR interval, P wave duration, P wave peak time), LA volume index (LAVI), LA global peak strain, and atrial electromechanical conduction time were assessed.

Main Results:

• Serum galectin-3 levels were significantly higher in ESUS patients who developed PAF compared to those who did not and control subjects.
• Elevated serum galectin-3 levels were significantly correlated with increased LAVI, PA lateral, and global peak LA strain.
• Specific PA measurements (PA lateral, PA septum, PA tricuspid) were significantly higher in the ESUS + PAF group.

Conclusions:

• Serum galectin-3 levels are elevated in ESUS patients who subsequently develop PAF.
• Serum galectin-3 is associated with adverse left atrial remodeling in ESUS patients.
• Serum galectin-3 may serve as a valuable biomarker for predicting PAF in the ESUS population.