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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

The Use of Thermal Infra-Red Imaging to Detect Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
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Active Breaks Reduce Back Overload during Prolonged Sitting: Ergonomic Analysis with Infrared Thermography.

Martina Sortino1, Bruno Trovato1, Marta Zanghì1

  • 1Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|June 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Active breaks significantly reduce back muscle overload in office workers who sit for prolonged periods. Infrared thermography (IRT) shows active breaks decrease skin temperature, unlike continuous sitting, highlighting their benefit for musculoskeletal health.

Keywords:
active breaksinfrared thermographymusculoskeletal disordersoffice workersphysical exercisepreventionprolonged sittingworkplace interventions

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Ergonomics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Prolonged sitting is a significant risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders among office workers.
  • Muscle overload and strain are common issues associated with sedentary work environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of active breaks in mitigating muscle overload in prolonged sitting.
  • To assess the utility of infrared thermography (IRT) as a non-invasive tool for monitoring back muscle strain.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 57 office workers divided into active break (AB) and no active break (NAB) groups.
  • Participants sat for 90 minutes, with the AB group performing exercises every 30 minutes.
  • Infrared thermography (IRT) was used to measure skin temperature changes in the back at 30-minute intervals.

Main Results:

  • Skin temperature increased in both groups initially, but decreased in the AB group during subsequent measurements.
  • The NAB group maintained elevated skin temperatures, indicating persistent muscle strain.
  • Statistically significant differences in temperature changes (Δt1-2 and Δt1-3) were observed between the groups across all back regions (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged sitting negatively impacts back health, contributing to muscle overload.
  • Active breaks are effective in reducing back strain and are recommended for workplace interventions.
  • IRT is a viable non-invasive method for assessing back muscle overload and intervention effectiveness in sedentary workers.