Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT₃ Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...

Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy. SP binds and activates...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Very Low Uptake in Workplace Semen Analysis Research: Formative Web-Based Cross-Sectional Follow-Up Survey Distinguishing Employees With Self-Reported Unawareness From Aware Nonparticipants.

JMIR formative research·2026

Same author

Selective Organ Site Strategy Versus Debulking in Multiorgan Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Lessons from the ORCHESTRA Trial.

Annals of surgical oncology·2026

Same author

Clinical Factors Associated With B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Reduction Rate During Hospitalization in Patients With Acute Heart Failure.

The American journal of cardiology·2026

Same author

Very Low Uptake in Workplace Semen-Analysis Research: Distinguishing Employees With Self-Reported Unawareness From Aware Nonparticipants in a Formative Web-Based Follow-up Survey.

JMIR formative research·2026

Same author

Impact of Dedicated Care Coordination on Access to Multidimensional Support Services in Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Pragmatic Trial.

JCO oncology practice·2026

Same author

Blood Pressure Changes After Oral 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride Administered 4-8 h Before TURBT: An Additional Analysis of a Phase III Study (SPP2C102).

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Robot-assisted Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Locally Advanced Middle-low Rectal Cancer

Robot-assisted Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Locally Advanced Middle-low Rectal Cancer

Published on: February 12, 2022

Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Cancer: Which Regimens to Use?

Kentaro Ochiai^1,2, Neal Bhutiani¹, Atsushi Ikeda¹

¹Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

|June 19, 2024

Summary

Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) for rectal cancer combines chemotherapy and radiation before surgery. This review explores various TNT regimens to guide clinicians in optimizing treatment for better outcomes.

Keywords:

rectal cancer total neoadjuvant therapy watch and wait

More Related Videos

Y-90 Radioembolization and PD-1 Inhibitor as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Y-90 Radioembolization and PD-1 Inhibitor as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Published on: May 24, 2024

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Published on: September 27, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Robot-assisted Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Locally Advanced Middle-low Rectal Cancer

Robot-assisted Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Locally Advanced Middle-low Rectal Cancer

Published on: February 12, 2022

Y-90 Radioembolization and PD-1 Inhibitor as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Y-90 Radioembolization and PD-1 Inhibitor as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Published on: May 24, 2024

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

Oncology
Surgical Oncology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) integrates systemic chemotherapy and (chemo)radiotherapy before surgical intervention for rectal cancer.
This approach aims to enhance treatment adherence, promote tumor regression, facilitate organ preservation, and improve overall oncologic results.
The landscape of TNT is dynamic, with ongoing clinical trials yielding new data and diverse treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current evidence on various total neoadjuvant therapy regimens for rectal cancer.
To provide a decision-making framework for tailoring TNT based on individual patient risk factors and tumor characteristics.
To assist clinicians in understanding the benefits and drawbacks of different TNT approaches for multidisciplinary care.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature review of clinical trials and evidence on total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer.
Analysis of different TNT combinations, including induction/consolidation chemotherapy and varying radiotherapy schedules.
Development of a decision-making flowchart for personalized TNT selection.

Main Results:

Multiple TNT regimens exist, differing in chemotherapy type (triplet/doublet) and radiotherapy duration (long/short course).
Evidence is rapidly evolving, with no universal consensus on the optimal TNT regimen.
A flowchart is proposed to aid in selecting appropriate TNT strategies based on tumor location and risk stratification.

Conclusions:

Total neoadjuvant therapy represents a significant advancement in rectal cancer management.
Understanding the nuances of different TNT regimens is crucial for effective clinical decision-making.
Personalized treatment strategies, guided by risk assessment, are essential for maximizing the benefits of TNT.