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A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study on Polarity Subphenotypes in Bipolar Disorder
Georgios D Argyropoulos1, Foteini Christidi2,3,4, Efstratios Karavasilis1,3
1Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, 2nd Department of Radiology, Attikon General University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 19, 2024
Summary
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) reveals distinct brain metabolite differences in bipolar disorder (BD) patients based on illness polarity. These findings highlight regional specificity in the emotion regulation network for onset polarity (OP) and predominant polarity (PP).
Area of Science:
- Neuroimaging
- Neurochemistry
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Bipolar disorder (BD) research lacks in vivo brain chemical profile data concerning onset polarity (OP) and predominant polarity (PP).
- Emotion regulation brain regions are critical in BD pathophysiology but their neurochemical underpinnings related to polarity remain understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate in vivo brain metabolite concentrations in bipolar disorder (BD) polarity subphenotypes using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS).
- To examine the neurobiological differences in emotion regulation brain regions associated with onset polarity (OP) and predominant polarity (PP) in BD patients.
Main Methods:
- Proton 1H-MRS was performed at 3.0T on 41 euthymic BD patients (stratified by OP and PP) and 16 healthy controls (HC).
- Metabolite concentrations (myo-inositol (mI), N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), and choline (Cho)) were measured in the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex (ACC, PCC) and hippocampi (LHIPPO, RHIPPO).
Main Results:
- Significant main effects of OP were observed in ACC (mI, mI/tNAA, mI/tCr, mI/tCho), PCC (tCho), and RHIPPO (tNAA/tCho, tCho/Cr).
- Manic subphenotypes showed greater differences in RHIPPO and PCC compared to HC, while depressive subphenotypes showed differences in ACC.
- High intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) confirmed consistent effect sizes between OP and PP, supporting their utility in BD research.
Conclusions:
- 1H-MRS is a valuable tool for studying the neurobiological underpinnings of OP and PP in BD.
- Regional metabolite changes within the emotion regulation network consistently differentiate BD polarity subphenotypes.
- Findings underscore the importance of considering illness polarity in neuroimaging studies of bipolar disorder.
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