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Related Concept Videos

Thermal Strain01:19

Thermal Strain

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Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
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Residual Stresses01:26

Residual Stresses

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Residual stresses reside in a structure even after removing the original stress inducer. This phenomenon often arises from varied plastic deformations across different parts of a structure. Consider a rod stretched beyond its yield point. It will not regain its original length due to permanent deformation. Even after load removal, the rod does not entirely lose stress because of uneven plastic deformations, resulting in residual stresses. The computation of these stresses in structures is...
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Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

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Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
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Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

Temperature Dependent Deformation

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In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
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Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

163
When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
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Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

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When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Mechanical Expansion of Steel Tubing as a Solution to Leaky Wellbores
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Published on: November 20, 2014

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Plastically Deformed Tubes Subjected to Mechanical Expansion Processes.

Zijian Zhao1, Abdel-Hakim Bouzid1, Nor Eddine Laghzale2

  • 1Ecole de Technologie Superieure, 1100 Notre-Dame Ouest, Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new analytical method to calculate stresses and strains in expanded tubes, validated by finite element analysis and experiments. The findings improve understanding of tube expansion for engineering applications.

Keywords:
beam on elastic foundationdeformation energyelasto-plastic material behaviorfinned tubestube expansion

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Area of Science:

  • Engineering Mechanics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Ensuring structural integrity of expanded tubes is vital to prevent stress corrosion cracking.
  • Current theoretical methods for stress distribution in tubes expanded by ogive shapes are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel analytical approach for estimating stresses and strains in mechanically expanded tubes.
  • To analyze the expansion of 3/8 inch copper and stainless-steel tubes using an expanding bullet.

Main Methods:

  • A novel analytical model segments the tube into three zones, applying distinct theories to each.
  • Validation using an axisymmetric finite element model with multi-linear kinematic hardening.
  • Measurement of tangential and longitudinal strains during tube expansion.

Main Results:

  • The analytical model accurately estimates stresses and strains in expanded tubes.
  • The model's prediction of the expanding mandrel's push force shows good agreement with numerical simulations and experimental data.

Conclusions:

  • The developed analytical method provides a reliable approach for analyzing stress states in expanded tubes.
  • This research enhances the understanding of mechanical tube expansion processes, crucial for structural integrity.