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Qualitative Analysis

Qualitative Analysis

For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...

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Streaming Potential Experiment on Sandstone Core Samples Based on Current Source Model under Different Sodium

Chenggang Yin¹, Wei Guan², Hengshan Hu²

¹College of Intelligent Manufacture, Taizhou University, Taizhou 317000, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 19, 2024

Summary

The measurement circuit affects streaming potential experiments, especially in low-salinity conditions. Seepage current depends on pressure, not external resistance, but external circuits impact measurements, particularly with distilled water.

Keywords:

circuit model core sample electrokinetic effects streaming current coefficient streaming potential

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Area of Science:

Geophysics
Physical Chemistry
Earth Sciences

Background:

Streaming potential effects are crucial in geophysics.
Standard streaming potential experiments require open circuits, but measurement introduces an external circuit.
The influence of measurement circuits on streaming potential data is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the impact of measurement circuits on core streaming potential experiments.
To develop a model for understanding the core's behavior within a measurement circuit.
To investigate how varying external circuit resistance and fluid salinity affect streaming potential measurements.

Main Methods:

A core current source model was proposed, treating the core as a current source (seepage current) and resistance.
Experiments were conducted on 20 sandstone cores.
Measurements were taken using various sodium chloride solutions (0.01-0.6 mol/L) and distilled water, with varying external circuit resistances.

Main Results:

Seepage current was found to be independent of external resistance, being solely dependent on excitation pressure.
The influence of the external circuit on the streaming potential signal increased as fluid mineralization decreased.
For distilled water-saturated cores, the external circuit's effect was approximately 2%.

Conclusions:

The proposed current source model effectively represents the core in streaming potential experiments.
Measurement circuit design is critical, especially for low-salinity environments where its effect is more pronounced.
Accurate streaming potential measurements require careful consideration of the interplay between the core, fluid properties, and the measurement circuit.