Subglottic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Mimicking Bronchial Asthma: A Case Report

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare type of tumor that usually originates from minor salivary glands in the oral cavity. ACC of the larynx is even rare. This case study describes a 36-year-old non-smoking male farmer who initially presented with dyspnea and was misdiagnosed with bronchial asthma. Spirometry revealed fixed airway obstruction. Further evaluation revealed a pedunculated mass obstructing the airway, which was diagnosed as ACC by histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen. The patient was treated with radiation therapy, resulting in clinical improvement after six weeks. ACC is highly invasive and slow-growing, with perineural extension and a higher risk of recurrence. Metastasis in the lungs is common. Adequate preoperative staging, including imaging with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging, is important for planning treatment. The role of radiation therapy with concurrent chemotherapy is still under trial.