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Genetically supported causality between gut microbiota, immune cells, and ischemic stroke: a two-sample Mendelian

Han Shuai1,2, Zi Wang1, Yinggang Xiao1

  • 1Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|June 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study used Mendelian randomization to find causal links between gut microbes, immune cells, and ischemic stroke (IS). Certain gut bacteria and immune cell types significantly impact IS risk, suggesting new prevention targets.

Keywords:
Mendeliancausalitygut microbiotaimmunityischemic stroke

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Immunology
  • Neurology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke (IS) is linked to gut microbiota and immune cells, but causal relationships are unclear.
  • Understanding these links is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies for IS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal associations between gut microbiota, immune cells, and the risk of developing ischemic stroke (IS).
  • To utilize a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis for robust causal inference.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for gut microbiota, immune cells, and IS.
  • Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using Inverse Variance-Weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO methods.
  • Cochran's Q-test for heterogeneity and leave-one-out analysis for robustness.

Main Results:

  • Identified four gut microbial taxa and 16 immune cells causally associated with IS risk (p < 0.05).
  • Specific bacteria (e.g., Barnesiella, Lachnospiraceae) and immune cells (e.g., Treg, CD127 on granulocytes) showed significant associations with reduced or increased IS risk.
  • No significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy detected, confirming result validity.

Conclusions:

  • The study supports a causal role for gut microbiota and immune cells in ischemic stroke.
  • Findings provide a basis for future research into targeted interventions for IS prevention.