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  11. Expression Of Fascin And Sall4 In Odontogenic Cysts And Tumors: An Immunohistochemical Appraisal

Expression of Fascin and SALL4 in odontogenic cysts and tumors: an immunohistochemical appraisal

Spoorti Kulkarni1, Harishanker Alampally1, Vasudev Guddattu2

  • 1Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.

F1000Research
|June 19, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigated SALL4 and fascin expression in various odontogenic tumors and cysts. Fascin was found in ameloblastomas, suggesting a role in motility, while SALL4 showed varied expression requiring further validation.

Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Oncology
  • Stem cell biology

Background:

  • Stemness markers like SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG are studied in odontogenic lesions.
  • SALL4, a stemness marker, and fascin, a migratory molecule, have not been extensively studied in these conditions.
  • This study aims to explore the expression of SALL4 and fascin in several odontogenic cysts and tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the expression of SALL4 and fascin in ameloblastoma, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT), odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), dentigerous cyst (DC), radicular cyst (RC), and calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC).
  • To understand the potential roles of SALL4 and fascin in the behavior and pathogenesis of these odontogenic lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Semi-quantitative analysis of fascin and SALL4 immunohistochemistry was performed on 40 ameloblastoma cases (various subtypes), 6 AOT, 15 OKC, 15 DC, 15 RC, and 5 COC.
Keywords:
AmeloblastomaFascinImmunohistochemistryOdontogenic cysts

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  • Chi-square test was used to assess the association between SALL4 and fascin expression.

    • Main Results:

    • Fascin immunopositivity was detected in peripheral ameloblast-like cells of ameloblastomas, indicating a role in motility and invasion.
    • SALL4 showed moderate to weak cytoplasmic expression in ameloblastoma, DC, and RC, particularly in areas with inflammation.
    • COC and AOT exhibited negative to weak expression for both markers; no recurrence was noted.

    Conclusions:

    • Fascin expression in ameloblastomas suggests a role in their motility and invasion.
    • Further research is needed to explore fascin's functions in less aggressive lesions like DC, COC, and AOT.
    • SALL4 cytoplasmic expression in odontogenic cysts and tumors might indicate inactive or mutant forms, warranting further investigation.
    Odontogenic tumors
    SALL4