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Darkness, ethanol and cerebral activity.

F S Messiha

    Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Continuous darkness alters mouse and rat brain enzyme activity, affecting ethanol metabolism and increasing ethanol toxicity sensitivity. These findings highlight species-specific responses to environmental light changes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Chronobiology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Photoperiod influences circadian rhythms, impacting physiological processes.
    • Disruptions in light-dark cycles can affect behavior and metabolism.
    • Ethanol toxicity is a significant health concern influenced by metabolic pathways.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of continuous darkness on mouse locomotor activity, consumption, and ethanol sensitivity.
    • To determine changes in cerebral alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity in mice and rats under altered photoperiods.
    • To explore the relationship between environmental light conditions and ethanol metabolism in the brain.

    Main Methods:

    • Mice and rats were exposed to either a 12-hour light/12-hour darkness cycle or continuous darkness.

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  • Locomotor activity, food, and water consumption were monitored.
  • Ethanol narcosis duration was measured to assess toxicity.
  • Cerebral ADH and ALDH activities were quantified in specific brain regions.

    • Main Results:

    • Mice in continuous darkness exhibited reduced locomotor activity and increased sleep duration under ethanol narcosis.
    • A reduction in cortex ADH and ALDH was observed in mice 24 hours post-narcosis after prolonged darkness.
    • Rats showed transient ADH induction, while mice exhibited ADH and ALDH inhibition in certain brain regions under continuous darkness.

    Conclusions:

    • Continuous darkness induces species-dependent alterations in cerebral ADH and ALDH activities.
    • Mice housed in continuous darkness display increased sensitivity to ethanol toxicity.
    • Changes in circadian rhythms due to altered photoperiods significantly impact brain metabolism and ethanol's effects.