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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Field Collection and Laboratory Maintenance of Canopy-Forming Giant Kelp to Facilitate Restoration
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Predictable patterns within the kelp forest can indirectly create temporary refugia from ocean acidification.

Nina Bednaršek1, Greg Pelletier2, Marcus W Beck3

  • 1Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 SE Marine Science Drive Newport, OR 97365, Oregon State University, USA; Institute Jožef Stefan, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

The Science of the Total Environment
|June 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) farms did not directly mitigate ocean acidification (OA) in a dynamic coastal system. However, kelp indirectly benefited calcifying oysters by increasing pH predictability and providing food resources.

Keywords:
Co-cultivationOcean acidificationOysterRefugiaShell dissolutionSugar kelppH predictability

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Ecology
  • Oceanography
  • Aquaculture

Background:

  • Kelp forests provide vital ecosystem services and are considered for ocean acidification (OA) mitigation.
  • Assessing OA modification requires understanding complex carbonate chemistry in dynamic coastal systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) on carbonate chemistry and oyster health in a low-retention coastal system.
  • To determine if kelp farms can directly mitigate OA or indirectly benefit calcifying organisms.

Main Methods:

  • Field mesocosm study exposing oysters (Magallana gigas, Ostrea lurida) at varying distances from a kelp array.
  • Utilized the Hood Head Sugar Kelp Farm Model for kelp dynamics and wavelet spectrum analysis for predictability patterns.
  • Measured biological responses of oysters, including dissolution, growth, and isotopes.

Main Results:

  • No measurable alteration in seawater pH was observed at the kelp farm site, indicating no direct OA mitigation.
  • Oysters exhibited beneficial responses, attributed to increased pH predictability and utilization of kelp-derived organic resources.
  • Kelp improved habitat suitability and indirectly created refugia against OA for calcifiers.

Conclusions:

  • Kelp farms in dynamic, low-retention systems may not directly reduce OA but can indirectly benefit calcifiers.
  • pH predictability and resource provisioning are key mechanisms through which kelp enhances habitat suitability.
  • Future macrophyte studies should consider predictability patterns for OA mitigation strategies and aquaculture sustainability.