Comparative evaluation of kits for rapid diagnosis of group A streptococcal disease

The role of rapid diagnostic tests for Group A streptococcal disease has not been firmly established. High quality data concerning these rapid streptococcal tests are not available; current information does not allow for direct test comparisons to be made; the superiority of rapid diagnostic technology over traditional throat cultures has not been proved. Subgroups which might benefit from this technology could include those who (1) are severely ill, (2) have been excluded from school or day care because of a streptococcal infection, (3) have a history of rheumatic fever and are not taking antimicrobial prophylaxis or (4) live in a confined residential setting. Each available test kit has a mixture of performance features, allowing for individual choices based on office and practice needs. Product technology is expected to change rapidly. Reassessment of any current decision may well lead to a different conclusion in 6 to 12 months.