Effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening integrating non-genetic and genetic risk: a prospective study based on UK Biobank data
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Risk-stratified colorectal cancer (CRC) screening using genetic and non-genetic factors significantly reduces CRC incidence and mortality in intermediate and high-risk individuals. Low-risk individuals did not benefit from screening.
Area Of Science
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Public Health
Background
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is crucial for early detection and mortality reduction.
- Integrating non-genetic and genetic risk factors can refine screening strategies.
- Existing models like QCancer-10 and polygenic risk scores offer potential for risk stratification.
Purpose Of The Study
- To integrate non-genetic (QCancer-10) and genetic (139-variant polygenic risk score) factors for CRC risk assessment.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of risk-stratified screening on CRC incidence and mortality.
- To identify subgroups that benefit most from CRC screening.
Main Methods
- Utilized UK Biobank data from 430,908 participants.
- Calculated 10-year CRC risk using an integrated genetic and non-genetic model.
- Stratified participants into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups.
- Analyzed screening-associated hazard ratios (HRs) and absolute risk reductions (ARRs).
Main Results
- CRC incidence and mortality were significantly reduced in screened intermediate- and high-risk groups (approx. 60% of population).
- Screening showed substantial absolute risk reductions for incidence (0.17-0.43) and mortality (0.08-0.24) in these groups.
- No significant benefit of screening was observed in the low-risk group.
- Screening was most effective for men and individuals with distal CRC within higher-risk strata.
Conclusions
- Integrated genetic and non-genetic risk factors enable effective risk-stratified CRC screening.
- This approach provides evidence for prioritizing screening resources.
- Findings support personalized screening strategies for optimal CRC prevention and resource allocation.
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