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Enzyme-Activated Biomimetic Vesicles Confining Mineralization for Bone Maturation
Jieqiong Chen1, Qing Zhao1, Jiajing Tang1
1Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 20, 2024
Summary
Biomimetic vesicles loaded with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) promote bone-like apatite formation and enhance bone regeneration. This enzyme-activated strategy offers a novel approach for bone therapy.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biomineralization
Background:
- Matrix vesicles (MVs) are crucial for natural bone mineralization.
- Developing biomimetic materials that mimic MVs is key for bone regeneration therapies.
- Enzyme-activated mineralization strategies are needed for effective bone repair.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and fabricate biomimetic vesicles (BVs) for enzyme-activated bone mineralization.
- To investigate the role of encapsulated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in promoting apatite formation.
- To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of these BVs for bone regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of CaGP-modified polyurethane BVs with entrapped or adsorbed ALP (En-BVs and Ad-BVs).
- Assessment of in situ enzyme self-activation and inorganic phosphate (Pi) generation.
- Evaluation of bone-like apatite formation and crystallization kinetics.
- In vitro studies on bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) osteogenic differentiation.
- In vivo evaluation of bone defect repair in a rat femoral model.
Main Results:
- En-BVs demonstrated high ALP encapsulation and effective self-activation, leading to significant Pi generation.
- Synergistic action of self-activated ALP and confined BV microenvironments promoted highly oriented bone-like apatite formation.
- En-BVs created a supersaturated microenvironment with significantly elevated Pi and Ca2+ levels compared to SBF.
- In vitro studies showed excellent osteo-inducing differentiation of BMSCs by En-BVs.
- In vivo experiments revealed reduced bone loss and enhanced bone maturity in the En-BVs group.
Conclusions:
- The developed biomimetic vesicles effectively mediate enzyme-activated mineralization for bone regeneration.
- Entrapment of ALP within BVs provides a robust strategy for controlled apatite formation.
- This enzyme-activated biomimetic vesicle system shows significant potential for therapeutic applications in bone repair.
Keywords:
biomimetic vesiclesconfined nucleationenhancing maturityenzyme-activatingin situ mineralizationMore Related Videos
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