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Spatial and temporal pattern of structure-function coupling of human brain connectome with development.

Guozheng Feng1,2,3, Yiwen Wang1,2,3, Weijie Huang1,2,3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.

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|June 20, 2024
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Summary

Brain connectivity, or structural and functional connectome (SC-FC) coupling, develops unevenly across regions. This development impacts general intelligence and is linked to specific gene pathways.

Keywords:
brain connectomecognitive functiondevelopmentgene transcriptomehumanneurosciencestructure–function coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Connectomics

Background:

  • Brain structural circuitry underpins functional synchronization, crucial for cognition.
  • The developmental trajectory of structural and functional connectome (SC-FC) coupling and its relation to cognition and gene expression is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the development of SC-FC coupling across adolescence.
  • To investigate the relationship between SC-FC coupling and general intelligence.
  • To explore the association between SC-FC coupling development and transcriptomic architecture.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multimodal magnetic resonance imaging data from 439 participants (ages 5.7-21.9 years).
  • Predicted functional connectivity using intracortical and extracortical structural connectivity to define SC-FC coupling.
  • Analyzed SC-FC coupling's developmental changes, its prediction of general intelligence, and its correlation with gene pathways.

Main Results:

  • SC-FC coupling was strongest in visual and somatomotor networks, correlating with myelin content and functional gradients.
  • Development led to heterogeneous SC-FC coupling increases, particularly in cortical regions of somatomotor, frontoparietal, dorsal attention, and default mode networks.
  • SC-FC coupling significantly predicted general intelligence, especially within frontoparietal and default mode networks, and showed associations with oligodendrocyte- and astrocyte-related genes.

Conclusions:

  • SC-FC coupling exhibits distinct developmental patterns across brain networks.
  • SC-FC coupling maturation is associated with cognitive abilities like general intelligence.
  • Gene expression in oligodendrocyte and astrocyte pathways influences the developmental trajectory of SC-FC coupling.