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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

Vitamin D and thyroid function: A mendelian randomization study.

Nikolina Pleić¹, Mirjana Babić Leko¹, Ivana Gunjača¹

¹Department of Medical Biology, University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.

|June 20, 2024

Summary

Higher vitamin D levels may reduce the risk of high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and autoimmune hypothyroidism. This study investigated the causal link between vitamin D and thyroid function indicators.

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Genetics
Nutritional Science

Background:

Vitamin D is essential for normal organ function, including the thyroid gland.
Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is linked to thyroid disorders, but causality is uncertain.
Mendelian randomization (MR) can explore causal relationships between vitamin D and thyroid health.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the causal effect of serum 25(OH)D concentration on thyroid function indicators.
To determine if vitamin D status influences thyroid hormone levels and autoimmune thyroid conditions.

Main Methods:

A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed.
Utilized large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for 25(OH)D, TSH, fT4, fT3, TT3, TPOAb, and autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Employed inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the primary method, with sensitivity analyses using weighted mode, weighted median, MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO, and CAUSE.

Main Results:

A suggestive inverse causal effect of 25(OH)D on high TSH was observed (1 SD increase in 25(OH)D associated with 12% lower risk of high TSH).
Suggestive inverse causal effects of 25(OH)D on autoimmune hypothyroidism were found (1 SD increase in 25(OH)D associated with 16.34% lower risk).
No significant causal influence of vitamin D on other thyroid parameters was detected.

Conclusions:

Higher genetically predicted vitamin D concentration is associated with a reduced risk of high TSH and autoimmune hypothyroidism.
The findings suggest a potential protective role of vitamin D in specific thyroid conditions.
Vitamin D serum concentration did not appear to causally influence other measured thyroid parameters.