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Cognitive Correlates of Risky Decision-Making in Individuals with and without ADHD: A Meta-analysis
Vahid Nejati1, Aida Peyvandi2, Nasim Nazari2
1Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, PO Box 1983969411, Tehran, Iran. nejati@sbu.ac.ir.
Abstract:
This meta-analytic study aims to investigate the cognitive correlates of risky decision-making in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and typically developing (TD) individuals. A systematic analysis of existing literature was conducted, encompassing 38 studies (496 ADHD and 1493 TD). Findings revealed a consistent propensity for riskier decision-making in individuals with ADHD, supported by significant correlations with attention, cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, time perception, and working memory. The study underscores the relevance of these cognitive functions in shaping decision-making tendencies, with nuanced patterns observed within the ADHD and TD subgroups. Individuals with ADHD often demonstrate altered patterns of correlation, reflecting the specific cognitive challenges characteristic of the disorder.
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