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Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

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Published on: September 5, 2014

Long Duration Energy Storage Using Hydrogen in Metal-Organic Frameworks: Opportunities and Challenges.

Peng Peng¹, Henry Z H Jiang^2,3, Stephanie Collins^1,4

¹Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

ACS Energy Letters

|June 21, 2024

Summary

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show promise for hydrogen storage, potentially outperforming cryogenic and compressed systems for infrequent use. However, MOFs require improved uptake for cost-competitiveness in frequent cycling applications.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Energy Storage

Background:

Hydrogen (H2) is a key low-carbon energy carrier, with materials-based storage crucial for its widespread adoption.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising adsorbents for H2 storage, but their economic viability against compressed H2 storage needs further evaluation.
Technical performance requirements for MOFs in various long-duration energy storage applications remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of MOF material properties and charge/discharge cycles on hydrogen storage performance.
To propose deployment targets for MOFs in long-duration energy storage applications like backup power, load optimization, and hybrid power systems.
To identify key challenges and future research directions for MOF-based hydrogen storage.

Main Methods:

Analysis of MOF material properties and their influence on hydrogen uptake and release kinetics.
Modeling of charge/discharge cycles to assess performance under different application scenarios.
Techno-economic assessment comparing MOF storage with conventional compressed and cryogenic hydrogen storage systems.

Main Results:

State-of-the-art MOFs can outperform cryogenic and 350 bar compressed storage for applications with fewer than or equal to 8 cycles per year.
MOFs require at least a 5 g/L increase in hydrogen uptake to be cost-competitive for applications with 30 or more cycles per year.
Challenges remain in large-scale MOF manufacturing and quantifying the economic benefits of lower-pressure storage.

Conclusions:

MOF-based hydrogen storage offers a viable alternative to conventional methods for specific, low-cycle applications.
Significant material improvements, particularly in gravimetric uptake, are necessary for MOFs to compete in high-cycle applications.
Future research should focus on scalable manufacturing, economic valuation, and integrating thermodynamic and degradation effects into MOF performance models.