Carbonated magmatic sulfide systems: Still or sparkling?
Maria Cherdantseva1, Michael Anenburg2, Marco Fiorentini1
1Centre for Exploration Targeting, School of Earth Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, 6009 Crawley, Perth, WA, Australia.
Science Advances
|June 21, 2024
Summary
Carbonate melt interaction with sulfide liquid offers a new explanation for metal-rich sulfide transport in mafic magmas. This finding is key to understanding the origin of essential nickel, copper, and platinum-group element resources.
Area of Science:
- Geochemistry
- Economic Geology
- Magma Dynamics
Background:
- The transport of dense metal-rich sulfide liquid within mafic magmas is a long-standing debate.
- Understanding this process is vital for locating nickel, copper, and platinum-group element (PGE) resources essential for sustainable energy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mechanism of metal-rich sulfide liquid transport in mafic magmas.
- To propose and experimentally validate an alternative hypothesis for long-distance sulfide transport.
Main Methods:
- Experimental petrology to simulate magma-sulfide-carbonate interactions.
- Microscopic and textural analysis of experimental products.
Main Results:
- Observed that carbonate melt wraps around sulfide globules.
- This carbonate-sulfide interaction forms a mobile phase capable of transport.
- The proposed mechanism contrasts with previous gas-bubble hypotheses.
Conclusions:
- Carbonate melt plays a crucial role in mediating the transport of metal-rich sulfide liquids.
- This interaction facilitates sulfide migration from the mantle to the crust.
- The findings provide a new framework for understanding the genesis of magmatic ore deposits.
More Related Videos
09:31Preparation of Authigenic Pyrite from Methane-bearing Sediments for In Situ Sulfur Isotope Analysis Using SIMS
Published on: August 31, 2017
7.6K
11:50Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions
Published on: June 13, 2015
12.5K
Related Concept Videos
02:26Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides
4.8K
Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
4.8K
01:22The Sulfur Cycle
44.0K
Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
44.0K
01:17Precipitation and Co-precipitation
1.8K
Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
1.8K
03:46Qualitative Analysis
22.2K
For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
For instance, group IV...
22.2K
02:17Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides
4.7K
Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry,...
4.7K
02:49Calculating Standard Free Energy Changes
21.2K
The free energy change for a reaction that occurs under the standard conditions of 1 bar pressure and at 298 K is called the standard free energy change. Since free energy is a state function, its value depends only on the conditions of the initial and final states of the system. A convenient and common approach to the calculation of free energy changes for physical and chemical reactions is by use of widely available compilations of standard state thermodynamic data. One method involves the...
21.2K