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Excluded volume effects on tangentially driven active ring polymers.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Active ring polymers exhibit size and shape changes influenced by driving forces and excluded volume interactions. Their dynamics range from enhanced diffusion to ballistic motion, with rotational periods inversely scaling with applied force.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Polymer Physics
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Understanding the behavior of active polymers is crucial in fields like biophysics and materials science.
  • Ring polymers, a specific topology, present unique conformational and dynamical challenges.
  • Active matter systems convert stored or consumed energy into mechanical work, leading to complex behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conformational and dynamical properties of active ring polymers confined in two dimensions.
  • To explore the influence of excluded volume interactions, bending rigidity, and driving forces on polymer behavior.
  • To characterize the internal and long-time dynamics, including diffusive and rotational motions.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations employing the bead-spring chain model for polymers.
  • Brownian multiparticle collision dynamics to model the heat bath and active driving forces.
  • Consideration of both phantom (no excluded volume) and self-avoiding (excluded volume) chains with varying bending rigidities.

Main Results:

  • Polymer size and shape are significantly dependent on persistence length, driving force, and excluded volume effects.
  • Flexible phantom rings shrink with increasing force, while self-avoiding chains show moderate swelling.
  • Internal dynamics reveal activity-enhanced diffusion in flexible phantom rings and stiffness-independent ballistic motion in self-avoiding chains.
  • Long-time dynamics are dominated by rotational motion, with periods inversely proportional to the applied tangential force.

Conclusions:

  • Excluded volume interactions play a critical role in modulating the response of active ring polymers to external driving forces.
  • The observed dynamics highlight distinct behaviors between phantom and self-avoiding active rings, influenced by stiffness and activity.
  • The universal scaling of rotational period with driving force suggests a fundamental aspect of active ring dynamics.