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High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) drive cancers. Host APOBEC genes and HPV-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) also play roles in HPV-driven carcinogenesis and regulating host gene expression.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are established causes of various cancers.
  • The viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 are critical for malignant transformation.
  • Emerging evidence suggests host factors and viral genes also contribute to HPV-driven carcinogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of host APOBEC genes in HPV-driven carcinogenesis.
  • To explore the existence and function of HPV-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) in HPV-positive tumors.
  • To update the understanding of papillomavirus-induced oncogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on the function of host APOBEC genes in molecular editing and response to viral DNA.
  • Discussion of data on HPV-derived miRNAs in HPV+ tumors.
  • Analysis of their potential role in regulating the host transcriptome.

Main Results:

  • APOBEC genes are involved in the host's response to viral DNA and HPV carcinogenesis.
  • HPV-derived miRNAs exist in HPV+ tumors and may regulate host gene expression.
  • These factors add complexity to the current models of oncogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Host APOBEC genes and HPV-derived miRNAs are significant contributors to HPV-driven cancers.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate their roles in oncogenesis.
  • These discoveries open new avenues for understanding and potentially targeting HPV-induced malignancies.