Microbiome-based precision nutrition: Prebiotics, probiotics and postbiotics

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Nutrition Science
• Immunology

Background:

• Microorganisms have ancient roots in human nutrition and medicine.
• The gut microbiota is crucial for regulating inflammatory, metabolic, immune, and neurobiological functions.
• Understanding gut microbiota is key to advancing precision nutrition.

Purpose of the Study:

• To discuss the significance of microbiota-based precision nutrition for gut permeability.
• To review advances and limitations of various probiotic types, prebiotics, and postbiotics.
• To provide a scientific foundation for applying microbiota-based nutrition to enhance health and performance.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific evidence on gut microbiota and nutrition.
• Analysis of traditional probiotics, next-generation probiotics, psychobiotics, probiotic foods, prebiotics, and postbiotics.
• Synthesis of theoretical context for practical health applications.

Main Results:

• Microbiota-based precision nutrition impacts gut permeability and systemic health.
• Probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics offer diverse therapeutic potentials.
• Short-chain fatty acids, neurotransmitters, and vitamins are key postbiotic examples.

Conclusions:

• Microbiota-based precision nutrition holds significant promise for targeted health interventions.
• Further research is needed to overcome current limitations and optimize applications.
• This approach can improve quality of life and physiological performance.