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Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
Published on: July 12, 2024
Association between exposure to specific PM2.5 constituents and environment, lifestyle, and clinical parameters in
Jieun Kang1, Hajeong Kim2, Ji Ye Jung3
1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
This study investigated the correlation between the individual chemical constituents of particulate matter 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and respiratory parameters as well as the living environment and daily behaviors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Data were obtained from prospective COPD panel conducted in South Korea. Following collection via a microPEM, 18 metallic elements were determined using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. All participants completed detailed questionnaires on living environments and lifestyle practices. Eighty-nine stable COPD patients (mean age 68.1 years; 94.4% male) were analyzed. Several constituents (titanium, aluminum, bromine, and silicone) were significantly associated with respiratory outcomes. Copper and manganese concentrations were significantly associated with the living environment. Increased ventilation time and air purifier operation were associated with lower concentrations of copper, silicone, barium, and titanium. These findings suggest varying relationships between PM2.5 constituents and clinical parameters in COPD patients, providing a basis for personalized interventions and future research.
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