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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Non-Invasive Visualization of Nailbed Microvascular Morphology in Mice Using Capillaroscopy
05:06

Non-Invasive Visualization of Nailbed Microvascular Morphology in Mice Using Capillaroscopy

Published on: February 28, 2025

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Nail fold capillaroscopy in leprosy: Unveiling the microvascular changes.

Bharti Aggarwal1, Vijay Gandhi1, Archana Singal1

  • 1Department of Dermatology & STD, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB, Hospital, Delhi, India.

Microvascular Research
|June 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Nail fold capillaroscopy (NFC) reveals significant microvascular changes in 93.3% of leprosy patients. This non-invasive technique aids in detecting vascular deficits and trophic changes, particularly in lepromatous leprosy.

Keywords:
Bizarre capillariesCapillary densityCapillary dropoutsDilated capillariesLeprosyLeprosy reactionMicrovasculatureNail fold capillaroscopy (NFC)Subpapillary plexusTortuous capillariesTrophic ulcers

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease linked to nail abnormalities.
  • Microvascular damage is a key factor in leprosy's development.
  • Nail fold capillaroscopy (NFC) is a novel method for assessing vascular health in leprosy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize nail fold capillaroscopy (NFC) changes in leprosy patients.
  • To evaluate NFC as a tool for detecting vascular deficits.
  • To correlate NFC findings with leprosy types and reactions.

Main Methods:

  • An observational, cross-sectional study of 60 leprosy patients (18-60 years).
  • Informed consent, detailed history, and clinical examinations were performed.
  • Nail fold capillaroscopy (NFC) was conducted using a video-dermatoscope, with quantitative and qualitative analysis of microvascular changes.

Main Results:

  • Microvascular changes detected by NFC in 93.3% of patients.
  • Lower capillary density observed in the lepromatous group compared to the tuberculoid group.
  • Capillary dropouts, tortuous, and dilated capillaries were common, especially in lepromatous leprosy and Type 2 reactions.

Conclusions:

  • NFC changes are common in both tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy.
  • NFC can indicate peripheral vascular compromise and trophic changes.
  • NFC serves as a valuable auxiliary tool for identifying microvascular abnormalities in leprosy.