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Lateralization

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Assessment of Cerebral Lateralization in Children using Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound fTCD

Assessment of Cerebral Lateralization in Children using Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound fTCD

Published on: September 27, 2010

Approaches to Measuring Language Lateralisation: An Exploratory Study Comparing Two fMRI Methods and Functional

Dorothy V M Bishop^1,2, Zoe V J Woodhead^1,2, Kate E Watkins^1,2

¹Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Neurobiology of Language (Cambridge, Mass.)

|June 24, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new mirror method for calculating laterality index from functional MRI data showed better agreement with functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound than the traditional toolbox method, especially for individuals with atypical brain lateralization.

Keywords:

asymmetry bilateral language deactivation functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound laterality region of interest

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Cognitive Neuroscience
Brain Lateralization

Background:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a key tool for studying brain lateralization.
Existing methods for calculating laterality index (LI) from fMRI data may not accurately reflect individual brain organization.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare a novel 'mirror' method with the traditional 'toolbox' method for deriving LI from fMRI data.
To assess the agreement of these fMRI methods with functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound (fTCD) in individuals with atypical lateralization.

Main Methods:

fMRI data were analyzed using two LI calculation methods: the LI Toolbox (weighted bootstrapped mean) and a novel mirror method (subtraction of homologous region activations).
Data from 31 participants, including those with atypical lateralization confirmed by fTCD, were used.
Agreement with fTCD laterality was assessed for word generation and semantic matching tasks.

Main Results:

The mirror method demonstrated better agreement with fTCD laterality compared to the toolbox method.
LI estimates from the mirror method yielded smaller confidence intervals, indicating more reliable lateralization.
The toolbox method resulted in a higher proportion of participants classified as bilateral.

Conclusions:

The novel mirror method offers a more accurate and reliable approach to assessing brain lateralization using fMRI data.
Discrepancies may arise from the toolbox method's averaging across thresholds and potential loss of information from negative activation values.