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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

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In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Treating Surfaces with a Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma using the COST-Jet
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Pulsed processing by cold plasma, applied to industrial emission control.

E J M Van Heesch1, T Huiskamp1, K Yan1,2

  • 1Electrical Engineering Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Chemistry
|June 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cold plasma technology effectively removes up to 99% of airborne volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odor. This efficient pollution control method utilizes pulsed electric gas discharge in a near atmospheric-pressure reactor.

Keywords:
Lambert functionVOCcold plasmaemission controlnanosecond pulsesplasma processingpulsed processing

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Plasma Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Cold plasma is an emerging technology for chemical processing and pollution control.
  • Pulsed electric gas discharge at near atmospheric pressure offers a unique reaction environment.
  • Industrial applications require robust systems for treating airborne pollutants like VOCs and odors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and test robust cold plasma systems for industrial pollution control.
  • To investigate the efficiency of cold plasma in removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odor.
  • To develop a kinetic model for pulsed plasma chemistry to explain experimental data.

Main Methods:

  • Development of pulsed cold plasma reactor systems operating at near atmospheric pressure.
  • Industrial-scale testing for the control of airborne VOCs and odor.
  • Collection and analysis of electrical, chemical, and odor measurement data.
  • Development of an approximate global reaction kinetics model for pulsed plasma chemistry.

Main Results:

  • Cold plasma systems demonstrated effective removal of airborne pollutants, achieving up to 99% reduction in some cases.
  • A simplified kinetic model shows pollutant removal is primarily a function of electric plasma power, gas flow, and input concentration.
  • Pollution control was achieved at acceptable energy requirements.

Conclusions:

  • Cold plasma driven chemical processing is a promising technology for industrial air pollution control.
  • The developed kinetic model provides a useful tool for understanding and optimizing plasma treatment processes.
  • Future enhancements include utilizing (sub)nanosecond pulsed plasma, solid-state high-voltage technology, and catalyst integration for improved efficiency.