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Trace elements in human body fluids and tissues.

J Versieck

    Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Published trace element levels in human samples vary greatly. This review questions biological variation as the sole cause, highlighting analytical inaccuracies and sample handling issues. Critically selected reference values are provided.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Human Physiology

    Background:

    • Published trace element concentrations in human biological samples exhibit wide divergence.
    • Traditionally, variations were attributed to biological factors like age, sex, diet, and environment.
    • Recent evidence suggests analytical inaccuracies and improper sample handling significantly contribute to these discrepancies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To critically review existing data on trace element concentrations in human tissues and body fluids.
    • To identify and address the causes of divergent published values.
    • To establish reliable reference values for key biological matrices.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic review of published literature on trace element analysis in human samples.

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  • Critical evaluation of data quality, focusing on analytical methods and sample preparation.
  • Selection and presentation of validated reference values for trace elements.

    • Main Results:

    • Analytical inaccuracies in previous studies are a major source of divergent trace element data.
    • Inadequate sample collection and manipulation can severely alter intrinsic trace element levels.
    • Reference values for trace elements in blood plasma/serum, packed cells, urine, lung, liver, kidney, and muscle tissue are proposed.

    Conclusions:

    • The wide variability in trace element concentrations is not solely due to biological factors.
    • Improved analytical techniques and standardized sample handling are crucial for accurate human trace element studies.
    • The provided reference values aim to reduce confusion and improve the reliability of future research.