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Species interactions affect dispersal: a meta-analysis.

Elvire Bestion1, Delphine Legrand1, Celina B Baines2

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|June 24, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Species interactions significantly influence dispersal behavior. Detrimental interactions promote dispersal, while beneficial ones reduce it, impacting ecological dynamics.

Keywords:
biotic interactionscompetitioncontext-dependent dispersalhost–parasite interactionsmetacommunity dynamicspredator–prey interactions

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Behavioral Ecology

Background:

  • Species interactions are crucial for fitness and can influence dispersal.
  • A quantitative synthesis of how species interactions affect dispersal is currently lacking.
  • Understanding dispersal plasticity is key to metacommunity dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively synthesize how species interactions affect dispersal.
  • To investigate how the species' ecological and biological background modifies interaction-dependent dispersal.
  • To assess the impact of detrimental versus beneficial interactions on dispersal.

Main Methods:

  • Meta-analysis of 397 effect sizes from 118 empirical studies.
  • Systematic literature search focusing on actively dispersing species.
  • Analysis of interaction-dependent dispersal across 221 species pairs, with a focus on arthropods, vertebrates, and protists.

Main Results:

  • Detrimental species interactions significantly increased focal species dispersal (adjusted effect: 0.33 [0.06, 0.60]).
  • Beneficial interactions significantly decreased focal species dispersal (adjusted effect: -0.55 [-0.92, -0.17]).
  • Interaction effects varied with dispersal phase (emigration vs. transience) and were influenced by species' interaction strength, community composition, and presence cues.

Conclusions:

  • Interspecific interactions are a major driver of dispersal plasticity.
  • Dispersal responses to interactions depend on the type of interaction (detrimental/beneficial) and ecological context.
  • Findings have significant implications for understanding metacommunity dynamics and spatial ecology.