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Prodigiosin regulates cancer metabolism through interaction with GLUT1.

Hyun-A Yang1,2, Tae-Hee Han1,2, Keeok Haam3

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Prodigiosin (PDG) suppresses cancer cell energy production by inhibiting glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. This natural compound targets glucose transporter 1, offering potential as an anticancer therapeutic by disrupting cancer metabolism.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer cells rely heavily on glycolysis for ATP production, even with oxygen present, which fuels their proliferation and metastasis.
  • Targeting cancer cell glycolysis presents a viable strategy for developing effective cancer treatments.
  • Prodigiosin (PDG), a natural compound, exhibits anticancer properties, but its specific mechanisms and molecular targets in cancer metabolism are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anticancer activity of Prodigiosin (PDG).
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which PDG affects cancer cell metabolism.
  • To explore PDG's potential as a therapeutic agent by understanding its impact on glucose metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed the effect of PDG on intracellular ATP production rates and levels in cancer cells.
  • Investigated PDG's impact on glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.
  • Examined PDG's interaction with glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) at the molecular level in HCT116 cells, analyzing its effects on GLUT1 mRNA and protein expression.

Main Results:

  • PDG significantly suppressed intracellular ATP production in cancer cells.
  • PDG inhibited both glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, thereby reducing ATP generation from these pathways.
  • PDG directly interacted with glucose transporter 1, inhibiting cellular glucose uptake without altering GLUT1 mRNA or protein levels in HCT116 cells.

Conclusions:

  • PDG effectively regulates cancer cell metabolism by suppressing ATP production through inhibition of glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration.
  • PDG's direct interaction with glucose transporter 1 highlights a novel mechanism for controlling glucose uptake in cancer.
  • These findings suggest that PDG holds therapeutic potential for cancer treatment by targeting critical metabolic pathways.