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Association of multiple sclerosis with incident diabetes: A nationwide cohort study

Jeppe Ravn Jacobsen1, Søren L Kristensen1, Emil L Fosbøl1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.

Diabetes & Metabolism
|June 24, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients do not have an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM). This nationwide study found similar diabetes incidence in MS patients and matched controls, indicating no significant association.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are common chronic diseases.
  • The interplay between MS and DM is complex, with each potentially affecting the other's progression.
  • However, the association between MS and the risk of developing new-onset DM remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have an increased risk of developing incident diabetes mellitus (DM).
  • To compare the incidence of DM in a large cohort of MS patients against a matched control population.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Danish nationwide registries to identify patients diagnosed with MS between 2000 and 2018.
  • Matched 13,376 MS patients with 66,880 control subjects from the general population (1:5 ratio) based on age and sex.
  • Assessed the risk of incident DM through a median follow-up period of 8.3 years.

Main Results:

  • The cumulative incidence of DM was comparable between MS patients (3.5%) and control subjects (3.6%).
  • Adjusted analyses showed a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.98 (95% CI 0.89-1.09) for DM in MS patients compared to controls.
  • The risk of incident type 1 diabetes was slightly elevated but not statistically significant (HR 1.60, P=0.07).

Conclusions:

  • Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibit a similar risk of developing incident diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to the general population.
  • The findings suggest no significant association between MS and an increased risk of developing DM.
  • This research contributes to understanding the comorbidities associated with MS.
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitusDisease associationDisease preventionEpidemiology

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