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Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge

Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge

The utilization of strain gauges as transducers for converting mechanical strain into electrical signals is a common practice in various engineering applications. These strain gauges are frequently integrated into Wheatstone bridge circuits to accurately measure parameters such as force or pressure. Within this context, each element within the circuit exhibits a resistance that undergoes subtle variations when subjected to mechanical strain. The primary objective is to convert minuscule...

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Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Strain Sensing Based on Multiscale Composite Materials Reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelets

Strain Sensing Based on Multiscale Composite Materials Reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelets

Published on: November 7, 2016

A Fabric-Based Strain Sensor with a Microbridge Structure and the Supercapacitor-Powered Integrated Sensing System.

Yuanlong Ding¹, Jun Cao¹, Haohao Dong^1,2

¹School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|June 24, 2024

Summary

Fabric strain sensors using thermoplastic polyurethane, carbon nanotubes, and polypyrrole achieve high sensitivity and stability. A novel microbridge structure enhances performance for wearable electronics and integrated microsupercapacitor power sources.

Keywords:

cracks integrated sensing system microbridge strain sensor supercapacitor

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2025

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Published on: January 30, 2020

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Wearable Electronics

Background:

Fabric-based strain sensors are crucial for wearable electronics, demanding high sensitivity and stability.
Existing sensors often face limitations in performance and durability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop highly sensitive and stable fabric strain sensors using a novel microbridge structure.
To integrate these sensors with microsupercapacitors for a self-powered wearable sensing system.

Main Methods:

Coating thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) fabric with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polypyrrole (PPy).
Designing a microbridge structure where CNTs bridge stretching-induced cracks in the TPU-CNT-PPy fabric.
Fabricating microsupercapacitors (MSCs) using the TPU-CNT-PPy material.

Main Results:

The TPU-CNT-PPy strain sensors exhibited high sensitivity (GF = 231.5) over a 150% working range with fast response (166 ms) and recovery (195 ms).
The microbridge structure significantly improved electrical resilience, enhancing sensor stability.
TPU-CNT-PPy-based MSCs demonstrated high specific capacitance (460.3 mF cm⁻²) and excellent cycling stability (96.69% retention over 10,000 cycles).

Conclusions:

The microbridge strategy effectively enhances strain sensor performance for wearable applications.
An integrated sensing system combining strain sensors and MSCs was successfully demonstrated, with sensor signals detectable via Bluetooth.
This work provides a viable approach for advanced wearable electronic systems.