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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...
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The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

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Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in...
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Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics
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Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics

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Efferocytosis and Bone Dynamics.

Lena Batoon1, John R Hawse2, Laurie K McCauley3,4

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. batoon.lena@mayo.edu.

Current Osteoporosis Reports
|June 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Efferocytosis, the process of clearing cellular debris, is crucial for maintaining bone health and dynamics. Impaired efferocytosis contributes to bone loss and diseases like osteoporosis, suggesting therapeutic potential.

Keywords:
Bone phagocytesEfferocytesEfferocytosisEfferocytosis in boneMacrophages

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Area of Science:

  • Skeletal Biology
  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Efferocytosis, the clearance of apoptotic cells, is essential for tissue homeostasis.
  • Macrophages are key efferocytes in the skeleton, though other types exist.
  • The role of efferocytosis in bone dynamics is an emerging area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent scientific evidence on efferocytosis in bone dynamics and skeletal health.
  • To highlight the importance of efferocytosis in maintaining skeletal homeostasis and remodeling.
  • To discuss the implications of impaired efferocytosis in bone pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific publications.
  • Analysis of studies identifying efferocyte types in bone.
  • Examination of research linking efferocytosis to bone remodeling and pathology.

Main Results:

  • Macrophages are the primary efferocytes in the skeleton.
  • Efferocytosis is vital for skeletal homeostasis and orchestrates bone remodeling (e.g., osteoblast-osteoclast coupling).
  • Impaired efferocytosis is linked to aging-related bone loss, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and bone metastases.

Conclusions:

  • Efferocytosis plays a pivotal role in bone dynamics and skeletal health.
  • Targeting efferocytic mechanisms offers potential therapeutic strategies for skeletal diseases.
  • Further research is needed to address knowledge gaps and technical limitations in studying skeletal efferocytosis.