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Serum TRPA1 mediates the association between olfactory function and cognitive function.

Xiaoniu Liang1,2,3, Zhenxu Xiao1,2,3, Jie Wu1,2,3

  • 1Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|June 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that the TRPA1 channel mediates the link between olfactory identification and cognitive function in Chinese older adults. Higher TRPA1 levels were observed in those with cognitive impairment, suggesting its role in cognitive decline.

Keywords:
TRPA1cognitive functionelderlymediation analysisolfactory identification

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is linked to cognitive decline in older adults.
  • The role of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1) in this association remains unstudied.
  • Investigating TRPA1's mediation effect is crucial for understanding cognitive aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the mediation effect of TRPA1 on the association between olfactory function and cognitive function.
  • To explore the relationship between TRPA1 levels and cognitive status in Chinese older adults.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

  • 121 participants with cognitive impairment (CI) and 135 with normal cognition (NC) were recruited.
  • Olfactory identification was assessed using the Sniffin' Sticks Screening Test 12 (SSST-12).
  • Serum TRPA1 levels were quantified via Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, and mediation analysis was performed.

Main Results:

  • The CI group exhibited a higher prevalence of elevated serum TRPA1 (58.7%) compared to the NC group (42.2%) (p=0.0086).
  • Mediation analysis confirmed TRPA1 partially mediates the association between SSST-12 scores and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) performance.
  • TRPA1 also partially mediated the relationship between peppermint identification and MMSE scores.

Conclusions:

  • TRPA1 plays a significant mediation role in the relationship between olfactory function and cognitive function in older adults.
  • These findings highlight TRPA1 as a potential factor linking smell impairment and cognitive decline.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms of TRPA1 in cognitive deterioration.