Central Neurocytoma: A Case Report With Literature Review
Pratiksha Sachani1, Rajasbala Dhande1, Pratap Parihar1
1Department of Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.
Cureus
|June 25, 2024
Summary
Central neurocytoma, a rare brain tumor, can cause severe complications even after surgical removal. This case highlights the critical risks associated with this type of neuronal tumor.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Neurosurgery
- Neuropathology
Background:
- Central neurocytoma (CN) is a rare, low-grade neuronal tumor typically affecting young adults.
- Complete surgical resection is the primary treatment, but carries significant risks of neurological and regional complications.
Observation:
- A 35-year-old female presented with vision loss and chronic headaches, showing papilledema on examination.
- Brain MRI revealed a large intraventricular lesion attached to the septum pellucidum, consistent with CN.
- The patient underwent surgical resection followed by re-exploration for intraventricular hemorrhage.
Findings:
- Histopathological examination and synaptophysin positivity confirmed the diagnosis of central neurocytoma.
- Despite resection, the patient developed hydrocephalus and transtentorial herniation, leading to a fatal outcome.
Implications:
- This case underscores the potential for severe postoperative complications and poor prognosis in central neurocytoma, even with complete resection.
- Highlights the need for vigilant postoperative monitoring and management of complications like hydrocephalus and hemorrhage.
- Emphasizes the importance of accurate histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis for central neurocytoma management.
