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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography01:17

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Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
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A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial Using Virtual Reality in Pediatric Pre-intervention Echocardiograms to

Sarina K Behera1,2, Rajesh Punn3, Maria Menendez4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. sarinabehera@yahoo.com.

Pediatric Cardiology
|June 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Virtual reality (VR) use during pediatric transthoracic echocardiograms (TTEs) did not significantly reduce anxiety or fear compared to standard distractions. However, VR was well-received and may potentially shorten TTE procedure times.

Keywords:
Childhood anxietyChildhood fearDiagnostic accuracyPediatric echocardiogramsStudy comprehensivenessVirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Medical Technology
  • Patient Experience

Background:

  • Virtual reality (VR) is an established distraction tool for reducing anxiety and fear in children during medical procedures.
  • Its efficacy during transthoracic echocardiograms (TTEs) in pediatric patients has not been previously investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of VR as a distraction tool during pre-intervention TTEs in children.
  • To compare VR with standard distractions (television, mobile devices) regarding anxiety, fear, TTE comprehensiveness, and diagnostic accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving pediatric patients (6-18 years) undergoing pre-intervention TTEs.
  • Patients were assigned to either a VR group or a non-VR group using standard distractors.
  • Anxiety and fear levels were assessed using the Children's Anxiety Meter-State (CAM-S) and Children's Fear Scale (CFS).
  • TTEs were evaluated for comprehensiveness and diagnostic accuracy; procedure times were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Both VR and standard distraction groups showed significant decreases in anxiety and fear from pre- to post-TTE.
  • No statistically significant difference was observed in the reduction of anxiety or fear between the VR and non-VR groups.
  • TTE study comprehensiveness and diagnostic accuracy were high in both groups.
  • Procedure time was shorter in the VR group, though not statistically significant (p=0.075).

Conclusions:

  • Virtual reality is comparable to standard distraction methods for mitigating anxiety and fear in pediatric TTEs.
  • VR may offer a potential benefit in reducing procedure time.
  • Patients, parents, and sonographers reported positive experiences with VR, supporting its future use.