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ATP is a highly unstable molecule. Unless quickly used to perform work, ATP spontaneously dissociates into ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi), and the free energy released during this process is lost as heat. The energy released by ATP hydrolysis is used to perform work inside the cell and depends on a strategy called energy coupling. Cells couple the exergonic reaction of ATP hydrolysis with endergonic reactions, allowing them to proceed.
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A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach to Identify Phosphoprotein Phosphatases and their Interactors
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In distributive phosphorylation catalytic constants enable non-trivial dynamics.

Carsten Conradi1, Maya Mincheva2

  • 1Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft, Berlin, Germany. carsten.conradi@htw-berlin.de.

Journal of Mathematical Biology
|June 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cyclic distributive double phosphorylation can lead to sustained oscillations, unlike sequential forms which typically exhibit multistationarity. Specific catalytic constants in cyclic systems enable Hopf bifurcations and non-trivial dynamics in signaling networks.

Keywords:
Distributive phosphorylationExtreme vectorHopf bifurcationSustained oscillations

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Systems Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Ordered distributive double phosphorylation is a key mechanism in intracellular signaling.
  • Sequential and cyclic phosphorylation are two distinct modes of this process.
  • Previous work established conditions for multistationarity in sequential phosphorylation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic behaviors, specifically sustained oscillations, in cyclic distributive double phosphorylation.
  • To determine if catalytic constants can enable non-trivial dynamics in cyclic phosphorylation.
  • To provide a method for generating rate constant values that lead to oscillations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cyclic distributive double phosphorylation networks.
  • Derivation of inequalities for catalytic constants.
  • Reduction of cyclic networks to a 'single extreme ray' model.
  • Investigation of Hopf bifurcations for sustained oscillations.

Main Results:

  • An inequality involving catalytic constants is identified for cyclic distributive double phosphorylation, enabling Hopf bifurcations and sustained oscillations.
  • This inequality is analogous to the one known for multistationarity in sequential phosphorylation.
  • A procedure is presented to generate rate constant values that induce oscillations in cyclic systems.
  • Cyclic networks can be simplified to a 'single extreme ray' model for analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Catalytic constants are shown to enable non-trivial dynamics (sustained oscillations) in cyclic distributive double phosphorylation.
  • The findings extend the understanding of how phosphorylation motifs contribute to complex biological signaling.
  • The study provides a framework for exploring oscillatory dynamics in biological networks.